Nootropic Stark Modafinil 100 mg

Modafinil is an analeptic used to treat sleepiness associated with narcolepsy (sudden sleep attacks and daytime sleepiness). The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has also approved modafinil for shift work sleep disorder (SWSD) and for sleepiness associated with obstructive sleep apnea (as adjunctive therapy).

The European Medicines Agency (EMA) recommends limiting new prescriptions of medicines containing modafinil to narcolepsy only due to the risk of neuropsychiatric, dermatologic, and allergic adverse effects. At the same time, because these effects most often occur during the first two weeks of use, continuation under earlier prescriptions is not restricted.

Use of modafinil off-label as a relatively safe psychostimulant is also common. Learn how to stay alert and active for 24 hours. This can help you succeed in many areas of life by enabling you to do far more than others. Consider whether you want more options and not to depend on your body’s whims. Remove limitations — and you will enjoy “inexplicable” achievements and remarkable personal results!

Modafinil is needed when life demands the highest concentration and attention for longer than a normal active day. It helps you maintain high energy for a day or more, keep control of what is happening, and feel confident that you can truly own the situation while others are exhausted.

Modafinil helps many people when they need to be in top form and excellent tone to use their full potential to achieve goals. It helps during tiring sports training, can increase physical endurance, and reduce fatigue. As a result, there has been an increase in cases where athletes were found to have used modafinil at international competitions.

Modafinil is currently listed by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) among substances that athletes may not use during preparation and competitions. It is a powerful stimulant that improves memory, intellectual acuity, and other parameters of cognitive performance. It effectively relieves fatigue and restores cognitive functions of the brain.

Modafinil is one of the best means for stimulating mental activity, reducing the need for sleep, and treating depression. An important positive aspect is the absence of such side effects as addiction, over-excitation, and reduced sense of responsibility.

For those practicing polyphasic sleep with lucid-dream control, modafinil helps establish a clear schedule of controlled sleep. This is explained by the strictly regulated duration of its action (depending on the dose).

Clinical studies on safety

Safety and pharmacodynamics of modafinil have been characterized in several studies conducted outside the United States. In these studies, modafinil in amounts up to 4,500 mg was taken orally without the development of significant clinical adverse effects. The studies did not report statistically or clinically significant hemodynamic changes in heart rate or blood pressure in patients or healthy volunteers receiving investigational doses of modafinil.

Use by the military and astronauts

Armed forces in several countries have shown interest in modafinil as an alternative to amphetamines — drugs traditionally used in combat situations with sleep deprivation, such as during prolonged missions. The French government noted that the Foreign Legion used modafinil during certain covert operations. The UK Ministry of Defence instructed QinetiQ to study modafinil and spent €300,000 on one study.

The Indian Air Force announced plans to include modafinil; the Medical Service of the Indian Armed Forces is studying its use.

In the U.S. military, modafinil has been cleared for use in several Air Force operations and is being investigated for other purposes. In one helicopter-pilot study, researchers suggested that 600 mg of modafinil in three doses could be used to maintain reaction time and accuracy at a worked-up level for 40 hours without sleep; however, notable nausea and dizziness were observed.

In another study of combat pilots, modafinil in three divided doses of 100 mg maintained flight-control accuracy in sleep-deprived F-117 pilots at about 27% of baseline over 37 hours without any significant adverse effects.

In an 88-hour sleep-deprivation study simulating a military operation, 400 mg/day proved moderately helpful for maintaining readiness and performance under placebo-controlled conditions, but the investigators concluded that this dose was not high enough to offset most effects of total sleep loss.

The Canadian Medical Association Journal reported that modafinil was used by astronauts during long missions on the International Space Station. Modafinil “is available to crew members to optimize performance in fatigue,” helping when circadian rhythms are disrupted and sleep quality is reduced.

During high-risk, large-scale, and extended police operations, field physicians in Maryland (USA) may provide 200 mg of modafinil once daily to law-enforcement personnel to improve attention and concentration and to facilitate functioning with limited rest periods.

Mechanism of action

Despite extensive research into modafinil’s interactions with many neurotransmitters, the exact mechanism or combination of mechanisms remains unclear. It likely increases the release of monoamines — especially the catecholamines norepinephrine and dopamine — from synaptic clefts, similar to other stimulants.

At the same time, modafinil raises hypothalamic histamine levels, which has led some researchers to view it more as a “wakefulness-promoting agent” than a classic amphetamine-like stimulant. Studies indicate that modafinil “has a low potential for serious abuse” and “does not cause dependence” among first-time users. The combined catecholaminergic and histaminergic actions reduce the abuse potential compared with traditional stimulants, while maintaining effectiveness as an anti-sleepiness agent.

One tablet contains

• Modafinil — 100 mg

• Taurine — 100 mg

• Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine hydrochloride) — 1.2 mg

Other ingredients:
Lactose; microcrystalline cellulose; Biosil; calcium stearate.

Application method: